1. A recent study by a major carrier found that packet equipment was 70 percent more expensive than traditional voice equipment.

2. Since most of the core packet networks today are ATM–based, but most likely migrating to IP–based, it only makes sense to deploy next-generation switches that can be deployed to transport voice on both ATM and IP networks supporting protoco

3. Support for voice communications using IP, which is usually called ___________, has become especially attractive given the low-cost, flat-rate pricing of the public Internet.

4. ___________ from the start, was designed to be a multimedia, multiservice technology.

5. In the new architecture, the call control will be handled by a ____________.

6. ____________ are part of the physical transport layer and are controlled by a call control engine or softswitch (or media gateway controller), which provides instructions to direct the traffic.

7. A media gateway can be physically located almost anywhere within the network.

8. A ____________ is hardware and software that provides a connection from a softswitch and media gateway into the SS7 network.

9. A softswitch moves the service intelligence out of the switch into a database or application server, connects to those databases, and ultimately provides the "brains" or operating system for the next-generation voice network.

10. While VoATM makes sense today for some carriers, especially the larger incumbents, VoIP is the longer-term goal.